Tetrabutylammonium Iodide (TBAI)
Phase‑transfer catalyst • ammonium
Handling/formulation notes: Iodide can oxidize to iodine on
air/light exposure—store sealed, protected from light, and
consider inert gas blanketing for bulk. Use dry solvents/bases;
water and strong oxidants reduce effectiveness. For biphasic PTC,
agitation and base strength (e.g., 30–50% NaOH/KOH) control rate;
for halide exchange, dose 5–20 mol% iodide relative to substrate.
Form
white to off‑white crystalline powder
Assay (TBAI)
≥ 99%
Water (KF)
≤ 0.5% (std.); ≤ 0.2% (low‑water)
Molecular weight
≈ 369.37 g/mol
Typical dosage*
0.5–5 mol% (PTC); 5–20 mol% (iodide)
*Optimize by solvent/temperature/phase ratio and substrate
reactivity. Shipped goods conform to the lot COA.
| Parameter | Typical | Spec |
|---|---|---|
| Assay (TBAI) | ≥ 99% | ≥ 98% |
| Water (KF) | ≤ 0.5% | ≤ 0.7% |
| Halides (Cl⁻/Br⁻) | ≤ 500 ppm each | ≤ 1000 ppm each |
| Appearance | white/off‑white powder | conforms |
| Melting range | ≈ 147–154 °C | ≥ 145 °C |
| Notes | free‑flowing; packed under dry air | — |
| Parameter | Typical | Spec |
|---|---|---|
| Assay (TBAI) | ≥ 99.5% | ≥ 99.0% |
| Water (KF) | ≤ 0.2% | ≤ 0.3% |
| Halides (Cl⁻/Br⁻) | ≤ 200 ppm each | ≤ 300 ppm each |
| Color (APHA) | ≤ 50 | ≤ 80 |
| Notes | suited for moisture‑sensitive SN2/epoxidations | — |
| Parameter | Typical | Spec |
|---|---|---|
| TBAI content | 20%, 30%, or 50% | ±1% abs. |
| Solvent | MeCN or IPA (custom on request) | as ordered |
| Water (KF) | ≤ 0.2% | ≤ 0.3% |
| Viscosity @25 °C | per concentration | — |
| Appearance | clear to slightly yellow solution | conforms |
| Notes | ready‑to‑dose; reduces dusting | — |
| Parameter | Typical | Spec |
|---|---|---|
| Assay (TBAI) | ≥ 99.5% | ≥ 99.0% |
| Water (KF) | ≤ 0.1% | ≤ 0.2% |
| Halides (Cl⁻/Br⁻) | ≤ 100 ppm each | ≤ 150 ppm each |
| Trace metals (each) | ≤ 5 ppm | ≤ 10 ppm |
| Notes | tight impurity control; ask for full spec | — |
| Applications | Packaging | Storage & Handling |
|---|---|---|
|
• Phase‑transfer catalysis: alkylations, etherifications,
esterifications.
• Halide exchange (Finkelstein), deprotection/activation via iodide. • Epoxidations (e.g., with Oxone®), glycolate chemistry, photoredox. |
• 25 kg fiber drums with PE liner.
• 1 / 5 / 10 kg HDPE bottles (powder). • 5 / 20 kg pails • 200 kg drums (solutions). |
• Hygroscopic and light‑sensitive—store sealed, cool/dry,
protected from light.
• Avoid strong oxidizers; may slowly release iodine; handle with PPE. • Non‑DG (typical) — confirm per chosen grade/route. |
Compliance: Industrial/research use unless otherwise agreed. For
pharma or electronic applications, request high‑purity spec and
residual/trace profile. Buyer remains responsible for suitability
and local regulations.